Important Notes For Preamble and sources of indian constitution

Preamble

➯It was introduced by jawahar lal nehru.

➯Three words-Secular,Socialist,Integrity were added by 42nd Amendment.

➯Preamble is also called "Key of constitution".

➯The center point of all the powers under the Constitution are "People of India".

➯It can't be changed by the court or any higher authority. 

Note:- Preamble can not be amended or changed by anyone but it can be changed in a manner to improve it's language understanding means there are some words used in preamble which can create problem for the understanding .So parliament has the right to improve it's language so the word can b clarified in a simple manner and everyone can interpret its meaning in the same way.

Sources of Indian Constitution 

As we know it took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to form our constitution.to make it perfect drafting committee checked constitution's of other countries and they took all good things from different-different countries.So there is the list given below which explains which part of our constitution is taken from which country:

United State of America(USA):- Fundamental Rights,Preamble,Judicial Review,Independent Judiciary, Functions of Vice-president,Impeachment of President, Removel of Judges of Supreme Court and High court.

Germany:- In case of emergency all the fundamental rights are transferred to the president.

Russia:- Fundamental Duties.

South Africa:- Process of Amendment in our constitution.

Britain:- Law making Process,Single Citizenship,Parliamentary system of governance.

Canada:-Division of powers between Union and states, Federal System, Residuary powers in the center, Appointment process of Governor.

Japan:-Procedure established by law.

Ireland:-Presidential elections,Directive Principals of state policy,President has the power to point peoples in Rajya Sabha on the basis of Art,Science,literature and social service etc.

Australia:-Language of Preamble,Relationship and Powers Division between Center and State,Concurrent list, Trade and commerce,Two house of parliament can be called for joint sitting.

Note:- As i already told you that most of the part of our constitution is taken from the Government of India act,1935. Approx 64 percent means 250 Articles of our constitution is made from this Act. They were used as it is or few were with little changes.

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For any Doubt or suggestion feel free to comment below. Thank you😉

Indian Consituent Assembly

*It was Constituted in 1946.

*The 1st sitting of constituent assembly was held on 9th Dec,1946 at the library of council chamber in New Delhi.

• Dr. Sachidanand Sinha becomes temporary chairman of this Assembly.
• Muslim League boycotted this Assembly and asked for the separate assembly for them.
• Hedrabad was the only state whose representative was not participated in this assembly.

*Dr. Rajender Parsad becomes the permanent chairman on 11th Dec,1946.

*Constituent Assembly proceeded with the Preamble presented by Jwahar lal Nehru on 13th Dec,1946.

*There were so many committees constituted by constituent assembly. And one of them was
Draft committee which was constituted on 29th Aug,1947 and the chairman of this committee was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.There were 7 members in this committee-

• Dr. B.R.Ambedkar
• N. Gopala Swami Ayyangar
• Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
• Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi
• Syed Mohd Sadullah
• N. Madhav Rao
• D.P.Khaitan

Trick to remeber all these names:-
Shri Krishan ke do alag alag name wale 2 swami Maniklal Munshi ke paas aye or Sadullah ke baare me punchne lage jis par maniklal munsi ne unhe bataya ki sadullah abhi Madhav ke saath Khaitan ka pankha kharidhne gaye hue hai. 😛

That's it B.R.Ambedkar can be memorised without any trick 😉

*Draft Committee has submitted its report to Constituent Assembly on 21st Feb,1948.  

• First Debate started from 4th Nov- 9th Nov, 1948.
• Second Debate 15th Nov 1948 to 17th Oct,1949.
• Third Debate 14th Nov- 26th Nov,1949.

*It took 2 years,11 months and 18 Days to constitute Constitution.
*Passed on 26 November 1946.

*Last Sitting of constituent assembly was held on 24th Jan,1950 and Dr. Rajender Parsad elected as the first president of India.

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Source: Lucent's

All Important Acts Passed By British Government

After the War of Palasi(1757) and War of Buxer(1764) ,British East India company get all the controls over bangal and to make it continuous control they have passed many acts.

Regulating Act,1773:-

• The Governor of bengal get the title of governor general.And lord warren hasting becomes the first Governor General of India.
• First Supreme court was established in Kolkata in 1774.

Settlement Act, 1781:-

• Government of kolkata get the right to make law for Bengal, Bihar and Odisha.

Charter Act,1793:-

• Payment of control boards and employees was given from Indian Revenue.

Charter Act, 1833:-

• All the commercial rights are taken from company and now the ruling in India was the only motive of British government. 
• Governor general of bengal becomes the governor general of india.
• Slave practice declared illegal.

Charter Act, 1853:-

• All Important Posts are filled by competitive exams.

Government of india Act,1858:-

• All ruling powers are transferred to British Crown by the East India Company.
• The post of Mughal emperor was abolished.
• Name of Governor General of India changed by Viceroy.

India Council Act 1861:-

• Department System get started by Lord canning.
• Viceroy get the right to issue an ordinance.

Act of 1873:-

• East India Company get abolished on 1st January, 1884.

Indian Council Act, 1892 :-

• Debate on revenue, expenditure and budget, and power of questioning from executive was given .

Indian Council Act, 1909:-

• A Separate Representation system was started for Muslims by Lord Minto. And than only Muslims will participate in Muslim elections.
• Satyendra Parsad Sinha becomes the first person to work in the Executive Council of Viceroy.

Government of India Act, 1919:-

• It is called Montague Chelmsford Reform.
• First time Woman's get the right to participate in Elections.
• The bicameral legislature was created at the center- first one called state council and the other one is called central Assembly.

Government of India act,1935:-

• Most of the part of Indian constitution is taken from this Act.
• Barma got Separated with India by this act.

Indian independence act ,1947:-

•  It was presented in British Parliament on 4th July, 1947 and get approved on 18th July, 1947.
• Establishment of two states India and Pakistan on 15th Aug, 1947.And all the powers will be granted to them.
• Until these two states forms their own constitution, Act of 1935 shall be applicable to them.

 

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Source:- Lucent's General Knowledge